Overview
Illinois sits on the Mississippi Flyway, so its prairies, woodlots, and river wetlands host resident songbirds plus a huge seasonal flow of migrants. A remarkable variety of birds turns up within easy reach of any backyard or park.
This guide covers common and iconic Illinois birds — the field marks that identify them, their habitats, and where to look. Pair it with a photo and the app to confirm any bird you spot.
Key Species to Know
Northern Cardinal
Cardinalis cardinalis
Illinois's state bird — the male is brilliant red with a black face and crest, the female warm buff with red highlights. A year-round backyard favorite.
American Robin
Turdus migratorius
A familiar thrush with a gray back and brick-red breast, often seen hopping on lawns hunting worms. Its clear caroling is a classic sound of spring.
Red-winged Blackbird
Agelaius phoeniceus
The glossy black male flashes red-and-yellow shoulder patches while singing from cattails; the streaky brown female looks like a large sparrow. Abundant in wetlands.
Blue Jay
Cyanocitta cristata
A bold, crested blue-and-white bird with black necklace markings, loud and intelligent. Caches acorns and mimics hawk calls.
American Goldfinch
Spinus tristis
A small finch; the breeding male is bright yellow with black wings and cap, duller olive in winter. Bounds through the air with a canary-like flight call.
Great Blue Heron
Ardea herodias
A tall, blue-gray wading bird that stands motionless in the shallows before spearing fish. The largest heron in North America.
Seasonal Guide
- Spring and fall migration bring the greatest variety along the rivers and lakefront.
- Early morning is the most active time for feeding and song.
- Winter feeders concentrate cardinals, chickadees, juncos, and goldfinches for easy viewing.
Safety Reminder
Observe birds without disturbing them, and never approach nests. Identification results are reference information for learning and enjoyment.
Identify it instantly
Found something and not sure what it is? Point your camera with Spotter and get a species identification in seconds — with detailed reference info and species notes.