Overview
Texas is home to more snake species than any other U.S. state — around 75 in all — thanks to its enormous range of habitats, from Gulf marshes to Hill Country limestone to West Texas desert. The great majority are non-venomous and beneficial, but a handful are venomous and worth knowing.
The golden rule of snake identification is to do it from a distance. Never handle, corner, or try to move a snake to identify it — a photo from several feet away is all you need. This guide covers the snakes you are most likely to encounter and how to tell them apart.
Key Species to Know
Texas Rat Snake
Pantherophis obsoletus lindheimeri
A large, non-venomous constrictor with blotchy brown-and-tan markings and a tendency to climb. Often found near barns and outbuildings, where it hunts rodents. Harmless but will rattle its tail and bluff when cornered.
Western Diamondback Rattlesnake
Crotalus atrox
Texas's most widespread rattlesnake — heavy-bodied with diamond-shaped blotches and a black-and-white "coon tail" just before the rattle. Venomous; gives a clear buzzing warning when threatened.
Copperhead
Agkistrodon contortrix
A pit viper with hourglass-shaped chestnut bands over a tan body, blending superbly into leaf litter. Venomous but generally mild; relies on camouflage and often stays still.
Coachwhip
Masticophis flagellum
A long, slender, fast-moving non-venomous snake, often two-toned with a braided-whip look to its tail. Curious and quick to flee rather than fight.
Rough Green Snake
Opheodrys aestivus
A slim, bright-green, harmless snake that lives in shrubs and vines, nearly invisible among leaves. Feeds on insects and is completely gentle.
Seasonal Guide
- Snakes are most active in spring and fall, and on warm evenings in summer.
- Watch your step around rock piles, woodpiles, and tall grass, and reach only where you can see.
- Most bites occur when people try to handle or kill a snake — give any snake room and it will leave.
Safety Reminder
Identify snakes from a safe distance only, and never handle one to get a photo. If someone is bitten, treat it as a medical emergency and contact emergency services immediately — do not wait to identify the snake or attempt folk remedies. App results are reference information, not medical advice.
Identify it instantly
Found something and not sure what it is? Point your camera with Spotter and get a species identification in seconds — with detailed reference info and species notes.