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Wildflowers

Wildflowers of Ohio

From trillium-carpeted spring woods to summer prairies of bergamot — a guide to Ohio's wild blooms.

Overview

Ohio's wildflower year begins with spring ephemerals blanketing the hardwood forests, then moves into prairie and wetland flowers through summer and fall. The large-flowered trillium is the state's official wildflower.

This guide covers common and iconic Ohio wildflowers — how to recognize them and when they bloom. Photograph the flower and leaves and use the app to confirm any bloom you find.

Key Species to Know

Large-flowered Trillium

Trillium grandiflorum

Ohio's state wildflower — three broad white petals above a whorl of three leaves, fading to pink with age. Forms sweeping colonies on the spring forest floor.

Habitat: Rich deciduous woods and shaded slopes.
Trilliums are slow-growing and easily killed by picking — enjoy them in place and do not pick or dig.

Virginia Bluebells

Mertensia virginica

Nodding clusters of sky-blue, trumpet-shaped flowers (pink in bud) over smooth gray-green leaves, forming blue drifts on damp spring floodplains.

Habitat: Moist woods, floodplains, and river bottoms.

Wild Columbine

Aquilegia canadensis

Nodding red-and-yellow flowers with backward-pointing spurs, dancing on thin stems over lacy leaves. A hummingbird favorite of rocky woods.

Habitat: Rocky woods, ledges, and shaded slopes.

Wild Bergamot

Monarda fistulosa

A mint-family wildflower with ragged, lavender pom-pom flower heads and a minty scent, humming with bees and hummingbirds in summer prairies.

Habitat: Prairies, meadows, and open woodland edges.

Cardinal Flower

Lobelia cardinalis

Tall spikes of intense scarlet, tubular flowers along late-summer streambanks — one of the most vivid reds in the eastern flora. Pollinated by hummingbirds.

Habitat: Streambanks, wet meadows, and seeps.
Lobelias are toxic if eaten. Enjoy in place and do not consume.

Black-eyed Susan

Rudbeckia hirta

A familiar daisy with golden-yellow rays around a dark brown dome, common in meadows and prairies. Bristly stems and leaves.

Habitat: Fields, prairies, and roadsides.

Seasonal Guide

  • April–May: spring ephemerals — trillium and bluebells — carpet the woods before the canopy closes.
  • June–August: prairie and meadow flowers such as bergamot and black-eyed Susan peak.
  • Fall: cardinal flower, asters, and goldenrods close out the season.

Safety Reminder

Many spring wildflowers, including the state's trilliums, are slow-growing and protected — enjoy and photograph them in place rather than picking or digging. This guide is for identification and enjoyment, not foraging.

Identify it instantly

Found something and not sure what it is? Point your camera with Spotter and get a species identification in seconds — with detailed reference info and species notes.

In This Guide

Species covered6
Edible species0
Toxic species1
RegionOhio