Overview
New England's plant communities have supported human health for thousands of years. From the Abenaki and Wampanoag nations to colonial herbalists to today's herbalism renaissance, the region's flora has been recognized as medicinally significant for generations.
This guide covers the most important and recognizable medicinal plants — not obscure botanical curiosities, but plants you're likely to encounter on a walk in the woods or a stroll through a meadow. We focus on identification accuracy and ethical harvesting, not specific medical claims.
Key Species to Know
Elderberry
Sambucus canadensis
New England's most beloved medicinal shrub. Elderberry syrup has become a mainstream wellness product. The flowers (elderflowers) are also medicinal and delicious.
St. John's Wort
Hypericum perforatum
Bright yellow five-petaled flowers on branching stems. Leaves held to light reveal translucent oil glands (appearing as dots). Widely studied for mood support; can cause photosensitivity.
Wild Bergamot (Bee Balm)
Monarda fistulosa
Fragrant lavender flowers used historically by many Indigenous nations as a tea, antiseptic, and treatment for colds. Attractive to pollinators.
Goldenrod
Solidago canadensis
Tall yellow-plumed wildflower erroneously blamed for fall allergies (actually caused by wind-pollinated ragweed). Has traditional use for urinary tract support and anti-inflammatory properties.
Seasonal Guide
- May–June: Harvest dandelion roots and leaves; elderflower begins to bloom.
- July–August: St. John's wort, bergamot, and milkweed flowers at peak.
- September: Elderberry harvest; goldenrod in full bloom.
- Fall–Winter: Sustainable root harvesting for plants in their dormant season.
Safety Reminder
Medicinal plants should be identified with 100% certainty before use. Several toxic plants resemble popular medicinals — always confirm identity with multiple sources, including photo identification tools like Spotter.
Identify it instantly
Found something and not sure what it is? Point your camera with Spotter and get a species identification in seconds — with detailed reference info and species notes.